Mapping theme trends and knowledge structure of Sjögren’s syndrome (SS), a bibliometric analysis from 2010 to 2021

Clinical Rheumatology - Sjögren’s syndrome is an autoimmune disease with a complicated pathophysiology, and treatment strategies are in desperate need of improvement. In this research,...     

青年人群近距离工作后眼部参数的变化及恢复时间

目的：观察青年人群近距离用眼后眼部生理及功能性参数的变化及恢复时间。

方法：前瞻性研究。随机选取2019-12/2020-06在我院进行医学验光的患者69例138眼，根据主觉验光结果分为正视组(+0.75D≤等效球镜度≤-0.50D，18例36眼)、低度近视组(-0.75D≤等效球镜度≤-3.00D，25例50眼)和中度近视组(-3.25D≤等效球镜度≤-6.00D，26例52眼)。所有受试者近距离阅读20min后远眺放松20min，分别于近距离用眼前、近距离用眼20min后、远眺5、10、15、20min时测量受试者眼部生理性参数\〖前房深度(ACD)、眼轴长度(AL)\〗和功能性参数\〖正相对调节(PRA)、调节反应(BCC)\〗，分析各参数的达极时间和恢复时间。

结果：近距离用眼后眼轴变长，前房变浅，PRA绝对值变大，BCC无明显变化，75%(52/69)的受试者AL在近距离用眼20min后达极，87%(60/69)的受试者ACD在远眺5min时达极，96%(66/69)的受试者PRA在近距离用眼20min后达极，且以上参数均在远眺10min后逐渐恢复至初始状态。

结论：近距离用眼后眼部参数发生改变，眼轴变长，前房变浅，PRA绝对值增大，但均在远眺放松过程中逐渐回退，且均需要10min以上才能恢复至初始状态。     

First-line nivolumab plus chemotherapy vs chemotherapy in patients with advanced gastric,gastroesophageal junction and esophageal adenocarcinoma: CheckMate 649 Chinese subgroup analysis

First-line chemotherapy for advanced/metastatic human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2)-negative gastric/gastroesophageal junction cancer (GC/GEJC) has poor median overall survival (OS; <1 year). We report efficacy and safety results from Chinese patients in the phase III global CheckMate 649 study of nivolumab plus chemotherapy vs chemotherapy for the first-line treatment of GC/GEJC/esophageal adenocarcinoma (EAC). Chinese patients with previously untreated advanced or metastatic GC/GEJC/EAC were randomized to receive nivolumab (360 mg Q3W or 240 mg Q2W) plus chemotherapy (XELOX [capecitabine and oxaliplatin] Q3W or FOLFOX [oxaliplatin, leucovorin and 5-fluorouracil] Q2W), nivolumab plus ipilimumab (not reported) or chemotherapy alone. OS, blinded independent central review-assessed progression-free survival (PFS), objective response rate (ORR), duration of response (DOR) and safety are reported. Of 1581 patients enrolled and randomized, 208 were Chinese. In these patients, nivolumab plus chemotherapy resulted in clinically meaningful improvement in median OS (14.3 vs 10.2 months; HR 0.61 [95% CI: 0.44-0.85]), median PFS (8.3 vs 5.6 months; HR 0.57 [95% CI: 0.40-0.80]), ORR (66% vs 45%) and median DOR (12.2 vs 5.6 months) vs chemotherapy, respectively. The safety profile was acceptable, with no new safety signals observed. Consistent with results from the global primary analysis of CheckMate 649, nivolumab plus chemotherapy demonstrated a clinically meaningful improvement in OS and PFS and higher response rate vs chemotherapy and an acceptable safety profile in Chinese patients. Nivolumab plus chemotherapy represents a new standard first-line treatment for Chinese patients with non-HER2-positive advanced GC/GEJC/EAC.     

Comparison of P25 and nanobelts on Kruppel-like factor-mediated nitric oxide pathways in human umbilical vein endothelial cells

Recently, we reported that titanium dioxide (TiO₂) materials activated endothelial cells via Kruppel-like factor (KLF)-mediated nitric oxide (NO) dysfunction, but the roles of physical properties of materials are not clear. In this study, we prepared nanobelts from P25 particles and compared their adverse effects to human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs). TiO₂ nanobelts had belt-like morphology but comparable surface areas as P25 particles. When applied to HUVECs, P25 particles or nanobelts did not induce cytotoxicity, although nanobelts were much more effective to increase intracellular Ti element concentrations compared the same amounts of P25 particles. Only nanobelts significantly induced THP-1 adhesion onto HUVECs. Consistently, nanobelts were more significant to induce the expression of intracellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM1) and the release of soluble ICAM-1 (sICAM-1), indicating that nanobelts were more potent to induce endothelial activation in vitro. As the mechanisms for endothelial activation, both P25 and nanobelts reduced the generation of intracellular NO as well as the expression of NO regulators KLF2 and KLF4. Combined, the results from this study indicated that the different morphologies of P25 particles and nanobelts only changed their internalization into HUVECs but showed minimal impact on KLF-mediated NO signaling pathways.     

婚姻状态对原发性中枢神经系统淋巴瘤患者预后的影响：一项倾向性评分匹配研究

背景 原发性中枢神经系统淋巴瘤（PCNSL）的预后较差，明确其预后危险因素是改善其预后的关键。生物-心理-社会医学模式提示社会心理因素的重要性。婚姻是重要的社会心理因素之一，但婚姻状态对PNSCL患者预后的影响尚不明确。 目的 探究婚姻状态对PCNSL患者总生存（OS）和癌因生存（CSS）的影响。 方法 于2020年，提取2000—2016年美国"监测、流行病学和结果"数据库的3 993例PCNSL患者的病例资料，包括社会人口学资料（婚姻状态、确诊年龄、种族、性别和确诊年份）、临床病理资料（病理类型、肿瘤位置）、治疗资料（手术、放疗和化疗）及结局资料（生存信息和随访时间）。依据婚姻状态将患者分为已婚和非已婚两组，其中非已婚包括单身、离异和丧偶。采用倾向性评分匹配均衡基线资料，采用Kaplan-Meier分析（Log-rank检验）、Cox回归评估婚姻状态对患者OS和CSS的影响。 结果 倾向性评分匹配后，已婚组和非已婚组患者基线资料比较，差异均无统计学意义（P>0.05）。将患者按婚姻状态分为已婚和非已婚组：Log-rank检验结果显示，与已婚患者相比，非已婚患者的OS和CSS更差（P<0.05）；倾向性评分匹配后，校正确诊年龄、种族、性别、确诊年份、病理类型、肿瘤位置、手术、放疗和化疗因素后，多因素Cox回归分析结果显示，非已婚患者的OS风险是已婚患者的1.24倍〔95%CI（1.14，1.36），P<0.001〕，非已婚患者的CSS风险是已婚患者的1.22倍〔95%CI（1.11，1.33），P<0.001〕。将患者按婚姻状态分为已婚、单身、离异、丧偶组：Log-rank检验结果显示，与已婚患者相比，丧偶患者的OS和CSS预后更差（P<0.05）；校正确诊年龄、种族、性别、确诊年份、病理类型、肿瘤位置、手术、放疗和化疗因素后，多因素Cox回归结果显示，单身患者OS和CSS风险分别是已婚患者的1.14倍〔95%CI（1.03，1.27），P=0.013〕和1.15倍〔95%CI（1.03，1.29），P=0.012〕，离异患者OS和CSS风险分别是已婚患者的1.23倍〔95%CI（1.07，1.41），P=0.004〕和1.22倍〔95%CI（1.05，1.41），P=0.009〕，丧偶患者OS和CSS风险分别是已婚患者的1.37倍〔95%CI（1.21，1.54），P<0.001〕和1.28倍〔95%CI（1.12，1.46），P=0.013〕。 结论 婚姻状态影响PCNSL患者OS和CSS，与已婚相比，单身、离异和丧偶患者的预后更差，这提示在临床管理和决策中，除了传统的肿瘤生物学特征，还应关注婚姻状态对PCNSL患者预后的影响。